1)EXP
The EXP function holds the syntax EXP(n) and returns e raised to the nth power value of argument n.
The value of e is 2.71828183 ...
Example:
SQL> SELECT EXP(3) FROM DUAL;
EXP(3)
----------
20.0855369
Almost same as,
SQL> SELECT POWER(2.71828183,3) FROM DUAL;
POWER(2.71828183,3)
-------------------
20.085537
2)FLOOR
The function FLOOR hold the format FLOOR(n) and it returns largest integer equal to or less than n.
Example:
SQL> SELECT FLOOR(11.8) from dual;
FLOOR(11.8)
-----------
11
SQL> SELECT FLOOR(11.001) from dual;
FLOOR(11.001)
-------------
11
3)LN The function LN holds the syntax LN(n) and it returns the natural logarithm of n, where n>0.
SQL> select ln(2.71828183) from dual;
LN(2.71828183)
--------------
1
Which is similar to log(e,e) where e=2.71828183.
SQL> select log(2.71828183,2.71828183) from dual;
LOG(2.71828183,2.71828183)
--------------------------
1
4)LOG The function LOG use the syntax LOG(n2,n1) and returns the logarithm, base n2, of n1. The base n1 can be any positive value other than 0 or 1 and n2 can be any positive value.
Example:
SQL>Select log(3,9) from dual;
LOG(3,9)
----------
2
5)MOD The function MOD holds the syntax MOD(n2,n1) and it returns the remainder of n2 divided by n1. It returns n2 if n1=0 (zero ).
SQL> SELECT MOD(25,6) FROM DUAL;
MOD(25,6)
----------
1
SQL> SELECT MOD(0,2) FROM DUAL;
MOD(0,2)
----------
0
SQL> SELECT MOD(10,0) FROM DUAL;
MOD(10,0)
----------
10
6)NANVL The NANVL function holds the syntax NANVL(n2,n1) and this function is useful only for floating-point numbers of type BINARY_FLOAT or BINARY_DOUBLE. NaN indicates not a number. If the value stored in a table is not a number then this function instructs oracle to return alternative value n1 if the input value n2 is NaN (not a number). If n2 is not NaN, then Oracle returns n2.
The following example will clear you.
SQL> CREATE TABLE nan(a binary_float, b binary_double);
Table created.
SQL> insert into nan values('NaN','nan');
1 row created.
SQL> select * from nan;
A B
---------- ----------
Nan Nan
Now I wants if values are not a number then it will return zerop and for that you can use NANVL function.
SQL> SELECT NANVL(a,0), NANVL(b,0) from nan;
NANVL(A,0) NANVL(B,0)
---------- ----------
0 0
7)POWER The POWER function holds the syntax POWER(n2,n1). It returns n2 raised to the n1 power. The n2 is called base and n1 is the exponent. If n2 is negative, then n1 must be an integer.
Example:
SQL> SELECT POWER(-2,3) FROM DUAL;
POWER(-2,3)
-----------
-8
SQL> SELECT POWER(2,-3) FROM DUAL;
POWER(2,-3)
-----------
.125
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