How to check long running operations in Oracle

Long running sessions in oracle indicates the operations that run for longer than 6 seconds (in absolute time). They include many backup and recovery functions, statistics gathering, query execution etc. Based on newer oracle version many operations are added gradually.

To monitor long running operations in oracle the following two conditions must met.
1) Set the initialization parameter TIMED_STATISTICS or SQL_TRACE parameters to true.
2) Gather statistics for your objects with the ANALYZE statement or the DBMS_STATS package.

After you have met above two conditions you can easily monitor your long running operations by querying V$SESSION_LONGOPS view.

SQL> desc V$SESSION_LONGOPS
 Name                                      Null?    Type
 ----------------------------------------- -------- ----------------------------
 SID                                                NUMBER
 SERIAL#                                            NUMBER
 OPNAME                                             VARCHAR2(64)
 TARGET                                             VARCHAR2(64)
 TARGET_DESC                                        VARCHAR2(32)
 SOFAR                                              NUMBER
 TOTALWORK                                          NUMBER
 UNITS                                              VARCHAR2(32)
 START_TIME                                         DATE
 LAST_UPDATE_TIME                                   DATE
 TIMESTAMP                                          DATE
 TIME_REMAINING                                     NUMBER
 ELAPSED_SECONDS                                    NUMBER
 CONTEXT                                            NUMBER
 MESSAGE                                            VARCHAR2(512)
 USERNAME                                           VARCHAR2(30)
 SQL_ADDRESS                                        RAW(4)
 SQL_HASH_VALUE                                     NUMBER
 SQL_ID                                             VARCHAR2(13)
 SQL_PLAN_HASH_VALUE                                NUMBER
 SQL_EXEC_START                                     DATE
 SQL_EXEC_ID                                        NUMBER
 SQL_PLAN_LINE_ID                                   NUMBER
 SQL_PLAN_OPERATION                                 VARCHAR2(30)
 SQL_PLAN_OPTIONS                                   VARCHAR2(30)
 QCSID                                              NUMBER

From above view,
- SOFAR is units of work done so far.
- TIME_REMAINING is estimate (in seconds) of time remaining for the operation to complete

In order to monitor how much percentage of an operation is completed query as,

SQL> SELECT sid, to_char(start_time,'hh24:mi:ss') stime, 
message,( sofar/totalwork)* 100 percent 
FROM v$session_longops;

If you have long running operations in your database then above query will return rows.

You can query long running operations based on they have started like,

SQL> select opname, target, sofar, totalwork,
      units, elapsed_seconds, message
     from v$session_longops order by start_time desc;

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